Names of fabrics, their characteristics

Names of fabrics, their characteristics

In the first part of article we considered common properties of fabrics. And now we prepared a table.

Natural fibers

MaterialUsageAppearanceBenefitsDisadvantagesCare and WashingCrumple factorShrinkage factorFabric names
Cotton All kinds of clothing Soft, lightweight, comfortable, practical, breathable, good moisture absorption Very durable, good tolerates washing at cold temperatures, easily dyed, hypoallergenic The fabric wrinkles, "shrinks" by 10-15%, quickly wears out and fades Washable in hot water (at a water temperature below 60 ° С stains are not displayed) High. Can be chemically treated to reduce creasing Raw cotton can shrink up to 10-15%. Chemically processed "shrinks" by 3% Jacquard, satin, denim, cotton, chiffon, chintz, flannel, plush, raincoat fabric, denim, velvet, percale, cloth, seam, interlock, gabardine, terry, coarse calico , guipure, corduroy, teak, poplin
Linen Used in suits, jackets, trousers, skirts, shorts, ideal for dresses and bedding Soft and comfortable, easily absorbs moisture, "breathable " Durable, in comparison with other fabrics stays clean longer, wear-resistant Wrinkles, does not stretch Easy to wash at 60 ° C, well tolerates high-temperature ironing Very high High Linen, ravenduk, cambric, damascus, teak, kolomenok, canvas, canvas, canvas, matting, burlap, edging
Wool Suits, trousers, jackets, knitwear, underwear, socks, coats, uniforms, hats, scarves, jackets, blankets, curtains, backpacks, bags Comfortable, very elastic, absorbs moisture Well protects from cold and heat (even at high humidity), hypoallergenic, does not wrinkle, easily cut and sewn, does not swell odors Very high shrinkage rate due to improper washing. The white coat often turns yellow after exposure to sunlight. It is afraid of moths Resistant to pollution, but requires careful handling. Washable by hand or machine in wool mode. Detergents containing chlorine are not recommended Low Shrinks when washed in warm/hot water Velor, cashmere, tweed, plush, felt, reps , gabardine, flannel, boucle, bike, tartan, camel hair, angora
Silk Dresses, blouses, shirts, ties, linings, bed linen, tablecloths, ribbons, scarves, curtains, curtains Dear, elegant, glossy, comfortable, pleasant to the body Well absorbs moisture, breathable, does not cause irritation, does not wrinkle, ideal for drapery Folded in cut and sewing, liquids leave streaks on the material, if not cared for may lose shape or tear Do not dry in the sun or near artificial heat sources, requires delicate care and hand wash at t ° no higher than 40 ° C, do not wring out, iron at low heat, while the clothes are still damp Low Low Crepe, cambric, satin, organza, brocade, charmeuse, gauze, toile, chiffon, satin, foulard, pontage, taffeta, velvet, tapestry, itching

Man-made fiber

MaterialUsageAppearanceBenefitsDisadvantagesCare and WashingCrumple factorShrinkage factorFabric names
Acrylic Jerseys, underwear, bedspreads and blankets, curtains, soft toys, upholstery, embroidery threads, advertising cloths, awnings Reminds of wool, pleasant to the touch, but does not absorb moisture and does not "breathe" Durable, does not "shrink", does not wrinkle, easily stains, retains its shape and color, dries quickly, hypoallergenic, resistant to moths, fungi and mold Poorly absorbs moisture, low air permeability, accumulates static electricity, melts, absorbs odors and dust, grease stains are not removed Washable in the machine at t ° no higher than 30 ° C, can not be wrung out , dries at low temperatures in a horizontal flat position, iron at very low heat or avoid ironing at all Low No Acrylic, acrylic-mohair, acrylic- wool, modacrylic, angora
Nylon Lingerie, tights, stockings,